Mafia Island

About Mafia Island, Tanzania

The Mafia Island region which includes the Rufiji River Delta and Mafia channel forms one of the finest complexes of estuarine, mangrove, coral reef, and marine ecosystems. It is also renowned as an excellent world-class diving destination with some of the richest reefs in the world. The Island and its chain of small islets lie approximately 120 km south of Dar es Salaam and 20 km offshore from the eastern extent of the Rufiji is one of the largest delta systems in Africa. To the east of Mafia Island in the Indian Ocean. The main island of Mafia is about 48 km long and 17 km wide at its widest point. Several smaller islands and islets are scattered to the west and south.

The Marine Park covers the Southern part of Mafia Island and includes the inhabited islands of Chole, Juani Jibondo, and Bwejuu and several uninhabited islets and the associated waters. It extends across some 822km2, more than 75% of it below the high watermark. The area hosts an outstanding mosaic of tropical marine habitats including coral reefs, seagrass beds, mangroves, and inter-tidal flats. Two species of sea turtle use Mafia’s beaches as nesting grounds and the area has been recognized internationally as a critical site for biodiversity. 

Several sites of historic ruins lie within the marine park area, some dating back to the 13th century. Mafia Island’s separation from the mainland and its freedom from industrial development has ensured that its surrounding waters are some of the least contaminated in Tanzania. The marine park area has national importance as one of the few remaining reef complexes within Tanzania’s coastal waters in relatively intact condition.